ETHNO-LINGUISTIC GROUPS IN THE CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

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Wowcordillera -  Indigenous Peoples (IP) groupings are inherently dynamic and may evolve over time as historical research, linguistic studies, and community perspectives continue to develop. Understandings and classifications are not always fixed, and differing interpretations should be viewed as opportunities for learning, respectful discussion, and constructive dialogue rather than sources of division.

1. Applai - Western municipalities of Mountain Province: Sagada, Sabangan, Besao, Parts of Tadian, Bauko

2. Balangao (sometimes known as Baliwon) - Eastern municipalities of Mountain Province: Barlig, Natonin, Parts of Paracelis

3. Bontok - Central municipalities of Mountain Province: Bontoc, Sadanga

4. Kankanaey - West-north municipalities of Benguet: Kapangan, Buguias, Tublay, Kibungan, Mankayan, Parts of Atok, Bakun, Itogon, Boundary parts of Bauko (Mountain Province)

5. Iwak (sometimes known as Iowak, Owak) - Small parts of Itogon, Benguet

6. Karao - Barangays of Bokod, Benguet: Karao, Ekip

7. Ibaloy - Benguet municipalities: Kabayan, Sablan, Itogon, Bokod, La Trinidad, Kapangan, Tuba, Tublay, Parts of Atok. Baguio City: Happy Hallow

8. Kalanguya - Ifugao municipalities: Tinoc, Asipulo. Benguet: Parts of Buguias, Northern parts of Kabayan

9. Ifugao - Tuwali, Ayangan, Kalanguya

10. Isnag (sometimes known as Isneg or Apayao) - Generally Apayao Province

11. Kalinga - Generally Kalinga Province

12. Tingguian (sometimes known as Itneg) - Most eastern and capital municipalities of Abra: Tubo, Luba, Manabo, Sallapadan, Bucloc, Daguioman, Malibcong, Licuan-Baay, Lacub, Tineg, Lagayan, Danglas, Peñarrubia, Boliney, Villaviciosa, Lagan-gilang, San Juan, San Quintin, Langiden, San Isidro, Dolores, Pilar

These are the Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs) that are currently formally recognized by the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP).